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东方文学概论


作者:何乃英     整理日期:2015-01-04 14:17:47

东方文学是世界文学不可或缺的组成部分,在世界文学发展史上占有重要地位,对世界文学的进步做出了巨大贡献。研究东方文学对研究整个世界文学具有重要意义。本书对东方文学研究中的若干重要理论问题,如东方文学的定义、意义、历史地位、基本特征、东方三大文化体系及其与文学的关系、我国东方文学研究史要等,进行了分析和归纳、探讨和论述。本书是一部文学理论著作,可供大学有关专业师生和社会有关人士阅读和参考。
  目录:
  绪论建立东方文学学科的依据和从事东方文学研究的意义······························1
  第一章东方文学的历史地位··················································································6
  第一节古代东方地区是世界文学的摇篮······················································6
  第二节中古东方文学光辉灿烂成绩卓著····················································14
  第三节近代东方文学发展不够充分但却放射异彩····································24
  第四节现代东方文学正在蓬勃发展前途无量············································33
  第二章东方文学的基本特征················································································44
  第一节历史悠久源远流长············································································44
  第二节民族特色浓厚鲜明············································································47
  第三节 道路漫长迂回曲折··································································绪论建立东方文学学科的依据和从事东方文学研究的意义······························1
  第一章东方文学的历史地位··················································································6
  第一节古代东方地区是世界文学的摇篮······················································6
  第二节中古东方文学光辉灿烂成绩卓著····················································14
  第三节近代东方文学发展不够充分但却放射异彩····································24
  第四节现代东方文学正在蓬勃发展前途无量············································33
  第二章东方文学的基本特征················································································44
  第一节历史悠久源远流长············································································44
  第二节民族特色浓厚鲜明············································································47
  第三节道路漫长迂回曲折············································································54
  第四节民间文学繁荣兴旺············································································60
  第五节宗教影响既广且深············································································68
  第三章中国文化体系与东方文学········································································78
  第一节中国文化体系的形成和特质····························································78
  第二节中国文化体系对日本文学的影响····················································85
  第三节中国文化体系对朝鲜文学的影响····················································94
  第四节中国文化体系对越南文学的影响··················································100
  第三节中国文化体系对东方其他国家文学的影响··································107
  第六节中国文化体系对东方各国文学影响的比较研究··························115
  第七节中国文化体系与东方其他两大文化体系的关系··························123
  第四章印度文化体系与东方文学······································································134
  第一节印度文化体系的形成和特质··························································134
  第二节印度文化体系对南亚国家文学的影响··········································143
  第三节印度文化体系对东南亚国家文学的影响······································153
  第四节印度文化体系对东方其他国家文学的影响··································167
  2
  第五节印度文化体系对东方各国文学影响的比较研究··························172
  第五章阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化体系与东方文学··················································179
  第一节阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化体系的形成和特质······································179
  第二节阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化体系对波斯文学的影响······························190
  第三节阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化体系对南亚国家文学的影响······················200
  第四节阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化体系对东方其他国家文学的影响··············208
  第五节阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化体系对东方各国文学影响的比较研究······215
  第六章东西方文学的交流和影响······································································220
  第一节古代东西方文学的交流和影响······················································220
  第二节中古东西方文学的交流和影响······················································228
  第三节近现代东西方文学的交流和影响(上)··········································240
  第四节近现代东西方文学的交流和影响(中)··········································246
  第五节近现代东西方文学的交流和影响(下)··········································255
  第七章我国东方文学研究史要··········································································267
  第一节起步阶段(1919~1949)·································································267
  第二节发展阶段(1949~1978)·································································280
  第三节繁荣阶段(1978~)·····································································291
  附录一东方文学史大事年表··············································································310
  附录二中国出版的东方文学研究著作书目(1949~2014)·····························329
  附录三本书主要参考书目··················································································344
  修订后记··················································································································346据大量考古资料和历史记载证明,西亚的两河流域和北非的尼罗河流域是人类首先摆脱蒙昧状态、进入文明社会的地区。大约从公元前4800年左右起,苏美尔人便已住在亚洲西南部的幼发拉底河和底格里斯河流域(即美索不达米亚平原),并且创造了欧贝德文化。到公元前3500年至前3100年的乌鲁克文化时期,各地开始出现若干小型城市,城中有较大规模的神庙,并有文字和印章,这是初期文明的表现。有的学者认为,在随后的杰姆代特奈斯尔文化时期(前3100~前2900)已经形成城邦国家。公元前2900年以后为苏美尔早王朝时期,也就是奴隶制城邦的繁荣时代。公元前2371年,苏美尔早王朝为阿卡德人所建立的阿卡德王国所取代。此后则有古巴比伦、亚述和新巴比伦等王国相继在这块土地上诞生。大约与此同时,非洲东北部的尼罗河流域形成了人类生活的另一个聚集地。人们在这里先后创造了拜达里文化、阿姆拉文化和格尔塞文化,而格尔塞文化(约前3500~前3100)则是当地进入文明时代的标志,因为这时业已产生贵族与平民、奴隶主与奴隶的阶级区分,有些地方已经发展成为城市公社性质的小型城邦。其后,传说美尼斯于公元前3100年左右统一上埃及和下埃及,成为有史以来的第一位埃及国王,埃及从此进入早王朝时代(约前3100~前2686);而到了古王国时代(约前2686~前2181),埃及则实现了真正的统一,建立了奴隶制国家,确立了君主独裁的专制制度。





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