《指示对语篇世界建构的定位功能：<阿丽思游记>的文体学研究》以Werth（1995，1999）的语篇世界理论为依据，分析刘易斯卡罗尔笔下的《阿丽思游记》，旨在考察读者如何通过指示系统建构叙事作品的语篇世界，进而感受语篇的美学色彩。
作为语言表达的一项基本功能，指示是哲学、语言学、叙事学等领域共同关注的恒久课题。传统指示理论主要针对脱离语境范畴的句子层面，读者在语篇层面对指示定位功能的解读过程则少有人问津。
通过考察《阿丽思游记》的指示系统，《指示对语篇世界建构的定位功能：<阿丽思游记>的文体学研究》主要关注其如何在虚拟的语境中发挥定位功能。该功能基于指示将语言指向特定时间、空间和人物这一本质属性。为了便于分析读者在阅读《阿丽思游记》时如何感知指示系统的定位功能，本研究将语篇世界的建构过程分为界定与转换两个环节；相应的，指示系统在其间的定位功能也包括两个方面。这一功能首先体现在由“我”、“此时”、“此地”等因素界定认知空间的过程，文本中的指示语为语篇定位确立空间，它们限定读者认知空间的基本参数与语篇世界的时空界限，并对其中的成分加以界定。这些细节在语篇世界理论中均被视为建构语篇世界的基本元素，构成了事件得以展开的认知背景。其次，受可能世界理论的影响，语篇世界理论认为在语篇解读过程中，会发生不同世界之间的转换，如读者所处的现实世界、作品呈现的文本世界、叙事者为中心的世界、某一角色为中心的世界等等，不同世界的指示域各有不同。在不同世界之间的相互映射中，指示系统构成了多重层次的认知空间，使读者在世界转换过程中可以采用或观摩多重视角（定位的出发点不再是“我”、“此时”与“此地”）。
目录：
Abstract
Chapter1Introduction
1.1Preliminaries
1.2Objectivesandmethodologicalconsiderations
1.3Outlineofthedissertation
Chapter2PreviousResearchonDeixis
2.1Introduction
2.2Philosophicalapproach
2.3Pragmaticapproach
2.4Narratologicalapproach
2.5Cognitiveapproach
2.6Summary
Chapter3DeixisandTextworldtheory
3.1Introduction
3.2Textworldtheory:preliminariesAbstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Preliminaries
1.2 Objectives and methodological considerations
1.3 Outline of the dissertation
Chapter 2 Previous Research on Deixis
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Philosophical approach
2.3 Pragmatic approach
2.4 Narratological approach
2.5 Cognitive approach
2.6 Summary
Chapter 3 Deixis and Text world theory
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Text world theory: preliminaries
3.3 Layers of worlds
3.4 Developments in Text world theory
3.5 Deixis in Text world theory
3.5.1 Working definition and categories of deixis
3.5.2 Defining the text world
3.5.3 Switching the text world
3.6 Summary
Chapter 4 Deixis as World-Builders: Difficui in Identi Construction
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The polyphony of Carroll's work
4.3 Deictic reference and the definition of a text world
4.4 Non-referential deixis in the text world
4.4.1 Referentiality of deictic expressions
4.4.2 Deictic terms referring to nothing
4.5 Predicament in reference
4.6 Summary
Chapter 5 Shift of Deictic Fields: A Chain of Dreams
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Allocentric operations in spatial orientation
5.3 Shift of deictic fields and reader involvement
5.3.1 Deictic field
5.3.2 Distinction between pushes and pops
5.3.3 Boundaries between different deictic fields
5.4 Framing of the text world
5.5 Deictic fields in the Alice books
5.6 Summary
Chapter 6 Representing the Deictic System with Vectors
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Conceptualization of text
6.3 Three-dimensional coordinate system
6.3.1 S-axis
6.3.2 T-axis
6.3.3 E-axis
6.4 Axis shift
6.5 Representing the conceptual space in the Alice books
6.6 Summary
Chapter 7 Conclusion
7.1 Major findings
7.2 Limitations and points for future research
Bibliography
AcknowledgementsFor quite a long period of time, the philosophical circles have been involved in hot debates over a broad range of issues concerning deixis, such as the assignment of truth-conditions to sentences containing indexicals, the " Stand- ard Account " of deixis, the way sentences containing indexicals are cognitively processed and interpreted, etc. Since the emphasis of the present research is not on the philosophical aspect of deixis, and besides, the following chapters will be engaged in the effect of perspective or positioning in interpreting narra- tive texts, the focus here is only on the philosophers' work on perspectival aspect of deixis, from which we may get a sense of the origin of this study.
The perspectival aspect of deictic terms is clear in the difference between the expressions " today " and "February 25, 2003 ". Both expressions can be used to refer to a particular day, but only the former one encodes information about the point of view taken on the day referred to. Someone who appropri- ately uses the latter expression might be referring to a day in the past. the present or the future. The meaning of the expression does not tell us anything about the perspective or point of view that the speaker has toward the day referred to. But somebody who properly uses the former expression ro pick out February 25, 2003 will be referring to a day that is present. Even if both expressions are employed to pick out the same day, one learns something about the perspective taken on the day referred to only from the use of the indexical.
Ccmtrasting expressions like "I" , " you " and " he " with names like " Paul '. , it seems apparent that at least many deictic expressions cncode some sort of perspective on what they are' used to refer to. It is controversial whcther this aspect is essential to deixis, as will be seen For the present, it is enough to note that many indexicals do have a perspectival aspect The question is why that is interesting. Hist:orically, nseveral interconnecte,d issues have given rise to an interest in the perspectival aspect of deixis.
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